#include "types.h"
#include "param.h"
#include "memlayout.h"
#include "riscv.h"
#include "spinlock.h"
#include "proc.h"
#include "defs.h"

extern char trampoline[], uservec[], userret[];

// in kernelvec.S, calls kerneltrap().
void kernelvec();

extern int devintr();

//
// handle an interrupt, exception, or system call from user space.
// called from trampoline.S
//
void usertrap(void)
{
  int which_dev = 0;

  if((r_sstatus() & SSTATUS_SPP) != 0)
    panic("usertrap: not from user mode");

  // send interrupts and exceptions to kerneltrap(),
  // since we're now in the kernel.
  w_stvec((uint64)kernelvec);

  struct proc *p = myproc();
  
  // save user program counter.
  p->trapframe->epc = r_sepc();
  
  if(r_scause() == 8){
    // system call

    if(killed(p))
      exit(-1);

    // sepc points to the ecall instruction,
    // but we want to return to the next instruction.
    p->trapframe->epc += 4;

    // an interrupt will change sepc, scause, and sstatus,
    // so enable only now that we're done with those registers.
    intr_on();

    syscall();
  } else if((which_dev = devintr()) != 0){
    // ok
  } else {
    printstr("usertrap(): unexepected scause ");
    printptr(r_scause());
    printstr(" pid=");
    printint(p->pid);
    printstr("             sepc=");
    printptr(r_sepc());
    printstr(" stval=");
    printptr(r_stval());
    printstr("\n");
    setkilled(p);
  }

  if(killed(p))
    exit(-1);

  // give up the CPU if this is a timer interrupt.
  if(which_dev == 2)
    yield();

  usertrapret();
}

//
// return to user space
//
void
usertrapret(void)
{
  struct proc *p = myproc();

  // we're about to switch the destination of traps from
  // kerneltrap() to usertrap(), so turn off interrupts until
  // we're back in user space, where usertrap() is correct.
  intr_off();

  // send syscalls, interrupts, and exceptions to uservec in trampoline.S
  uint64 trampoline_uservec = TRAMPOLINE + (uservec - trampoline);
  w_stvec(trampoline_uservec);

  // set up trapframe values that uservec will need when
  // the process next traps into the kernel.
  p->trapframe->kernel_satp = r_satp();         // kernel page table
  p->trapframe->kernel_sp = p->kstack + PGSIZE; // process's kernel stack
  p->trapframe->kernel_trap = (uint64)usertrap;
  p->trapframe->kernel_hartid = r_tp();         // hartid for cpuid()

  // set up the registers that trampoline.S's sret will use
  // to get to user space.
  
  // set S Previous Privilege mode to User.
  unsigned long x = r_sstatus();
  x &= ~SSTATUS_SPP; // clear SPP to 0 for user mode
  x |= SSTATUS_SPIE; // enable interrupts in user mode
  w_sstatus(x);

  // set S Exception Program Counter to the saved user pc.
  w_sepc(p->trapframe->epc);

  // tell trampoline.S the user page table to switch to.
  uint64 satp = MAKE_SATP(p->pagetable);

  // jump to userret in trampoline.S at the top of memory, which 
  // switches to the user page table, restores user registers,
  // and switches to user mode with sret.
  uint64 trampoline_userret = TRAMPOLINE + (userret - trampoline);
  ((void (*)(uint64))trampoline_userret)(satp);
}

// interrupts and exceptions from kernel code go here via kernelvec,
// on whatever the current kernel stack is.
void 
kerneltrap()
{
  int which_dev = 0;
  uint64 sepc = r_sepc();
  uint64 sstatus = r_sstatus();
  uint64 scause = r_scause();
  
  if((sstatus & SSTATUS_SPP) == 0)
    panic("kerneltrap: not from supervisor mode");
  if(intr_get() != 0)
    panic("kerneltrap: interrupts enabled");

  if((which_dev = devintr()) == 0){
    printstr("scause ");
    printptr(scause);
    printstr("\nsepc=");
    printptr(r_sepc());
    printstr(" stval=");
    printptr(r_stval());
    printstr("\n");
    panic("kerneltrap");
  }

  // give up the CPU if this is a timer interrupt.
  if(which_dev == 2 && myproc() != 0 && myproc()->state == RUNNING)
    yield();

  // the yield() may have caused some traps to occur,
  // so restore trap registers for use by kernelvec.S's sepc instruction.
  w_sepc(sepc);
  w_sstatus(sstatus);
}